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On the Use of Group Theoretical and Graphical Techniques toward the Solution of the General N-body Problem

机译:论群体理论与图形技术的运用   一般N体问题的解

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摘要

Group theoretic and graphical techniques are used to derive the N-body wavefunction for a system of identical bosons with general interactions throughfirst-order in a perturbation approach. This method is based on the maximalsymmetry present at lowest order in a perturbation series in inverse spatialdimensions. The symmetric structure at lowest order has a point groupisomorphic with the S_N group, the symmetric group of N particles, and theresulting perturbation expansion of the Hamiltonian is order-by-order invariantunder the permutations of the S_N group. This invariance under S_N imposessevere symmetry requirements on the tensor blocks needed at each order in theperturbation series. We show here that these blocks can be decomposed into abasis of binary tensors invariant under S_N. This basis is small (25 terms atfirst order in the wave function), independent of N, and is derived usinggraphical techniques. This checks the N^6 scaling of these terms at first orderby effectively separating the N scaling problem away from the rest of thephysics. The transformation of each binary tensor to the final normalcoordinate basis requires the derivation of Clebsch-Gordon coefficients of S_Nfor arbitrary N. This has been accomplished using the group theory of thesymmetric group. This achievement results in an analytic solution for the wavefunction, exact through first order, that scales as N^0, effectivelycircumventing intensive numerical work. This solution can be systematicallyimproved with further analytic work by going to yet higher orders in theperturbation series.
机译:群体理论和图形技术被用于推导具有相同玻色子的系统的N体波函数,该玻色子具有通过扰动方法通过一阶进行的一般相互作用。该方法基于逆空间维扰动序列中最低阶的最大对称性。最低阶的对称结构具有与S_N基团同构的点群,N个粒子的对称群,并且在S_N基团的置换下哈密顿量的扰动展开是逐阶不变的。 S_N下的这种不变性对扰动序列中每个阶数所需要的张量块提出了严格的对称性要求。我们在这里表明,这些块可以分解为S_N下不变的二进制张量的基础。此基础很小(波动函数中一阶25个项),独立于N,并且是使用图形技术得出的。通过有效地将N标度问题与其余物理学分开,这可以一阶检查这些项的N ^ 6标度。将每个二元张量转换为最终法向坐标需要对任意N推导S_N的Clebsch-Gordon系数。这是使用对称群的群论完成的。这一成就导致了对波函数的解析解,精确到一阶,缩放为N ^ 0,有效地避免了密集的数值工作。通过在扰动序列中移到更高的阶数,可以通过进一步的分析工作来系统地改进此解决方案。

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